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The Rambling Rector

With Fr. Eric Zolner

A theological reflection on Archbishop Viganò’s letter to President Trump

6/14/2020

10 Comments

 
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Over the past week I have seen a number of people share on social media a letter written by Roman Catholic Archbishop Carlo Maria Viganò to President Trump.  Since a number of people have asked me for my thoughts on the letter I thought I would take a moment to respond.  If you would like to read the text of the letter itself, you can find it by clicking here.  

I am not coming at this article with a political axe to grind and will not be addressing the political tone in the letter.  Instead, I want to look at it from a theological perspective. 
​

Archbishop Viganò begins his letter by stating, “In recent months we have been witnessing the formation of two opposing sides that I would call Biblical [emphasis his]: the children of light and the children of darkness.”  The idea of “children of darkness” and “children of light” are certainly biblical concepts.  We see it in places like 1 Thessalonians 5:5, Ephesians 5:8, and Luke 16:8.  Without going into full Bible study mode here, the biblical idea is that those who are in Christ Jesus are “children of light.”  1 John 1:7 states, “But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin.”  So the “sons of darkness” are those who are not in Christ, who still walk in darkness.  So my initial concern with Archbishop Viganò’s opening statement is that he proposes that these two “opposing sides” have just formed in recent months.  Is he suggesting that until recently there was no such distinction?  I would argue that this distinction is much older than our own days.  So the question we must ask is, how is he defining these terms?  I would propose that it isn’t in a strictly biblical way as he proposes, because all who are or have been in Christ throughout history are the biblical “children of light.”
He continues with his next sentence, “The children of light constitute the most conspicuous part of humanity, while the children of darkness represent an absolute minority.”  If the first sentence hadn’t done it already, this one surely sends up a theological red flag.  I may be misreading it, but this statement seems to be the equivalent of the secular humanist proposition that all people are basically good, but a small minority are evil.  This is not what Scripture teaches us.  One only needs to read Genesis to know that all of humanity is fallen and sinful.  Romans 3:23 reminds us that “all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.”  If the Archbishop’s proposition is true, then we have no need for a savior.  But Scripture teaches us that our hearts are corrupt, that there is nothing we can do to save ourselves.  Our basic human inclination is to evil.  That, in fact, is the entire meta-narrative of the Old Testament and why there is a need for a New Testament and a Savior.  Romans 5:8 tells us, “but God shows his love for us in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us.”  Our justification is by grace through faith.  We do not become righteous on our own, but rather Christ’s righteousness is reckoned to us.  Of course there is much, much more that could be said to refute the Archbishop’s initial premise, but I hope you get my point.  The entire article thus crumbles under this faulty theological presupposition.  

​He continues to set up a false dichotomy of “the good people” and “the evil people.”  He says, “In an apparently inexplicable way, the good are held hostage by the wicked and by those who help them either out of self-interest or fearfulness.”  Again, this assertion completely ignores our fallen human nature.  To assume that only “the evil minority” operates out of self-interest or fearfulness is naïve.  We all do that to some extent.  Paul famously says in Romans 7, “For I know that good itself does not dwell in me, that is, in my sinful nature. For I have the desire to do what is good, but I cannot carry it out. For I do not do the good I want to do, but the evil I do not want to do—this I keep on doing. Now if I do what I do not want to do, it is no longer I who do it, but it is sin living in me that does it.”  This battle that Paul talks about plays out in the hearts of all people, not just a select few.  To suggest that only a certain group of people are pure evil and others are pure good has no basis in Christian theology.  


He continues, “On the one hand, there are those who, although they have a thousand defects and weaknesses, are motivated by the desire to do good, to be honest, to raise a family, to engage in work, to give prosperity to their homeland, to help the needy, and, in obedience to the Law of God, to merit the Kingdom of Heaven.”  Is he suggesting that we, through our good motivations, somehow merit God’s kingdom?  Again, Paul says in Ephesians 8, “For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God.”  We don’t merit God’s kingdom, Christ alone does that.  Now, these are all certainly noble desires, but I have known plenty of atheists who are motivated by the same things, so we can’t use them to define “the children of light,” at least not in biblical terms.  He continues, “On the other hand, there are those who serve themselves, who do not hold any moral principles, who want to demolish the family and the nation, exploit workers to make themselves unduly wealthy, foment internal divisions and wars, and accumulate power and money: for them the fallacious illusion of temporal well-being will one day – if they do not repent – yield to the terrible fate that awaits them, far from God, in eternal damnation.”  I certainly agree that these people exist.  What he describes is our fallen human nature, and I tend to believe that it is much more common than the Archbishop proposes.  However, he is once again missing the point that stopping these behaviors is not what will save people from eternal damnation.  Only Jesus Christ can do that.  Our good behavior is the fruit of our salvation and sanctification, not the cause of it.

Since the remainder of the article is really based on these initial propositions I won’t continue critiquing the rest of it.  After all, the danger in my view is not necessarily his political position, but rather his theological one.  He very dangerously sets up a dichotomy of “good” and “evil” that I don’t actually see either in scripture or in real life.  “Evil” is not a problem for “them,” as he seems to suggest.  It is a problem for all of us.  Regardless of your political party, your ethnicity, your family of origin, or your nationality, we all have evil desires in our hearts.  We are all selfish.  We all act in ways that go against God’s will for us.  We have all disobeyed the command to love our neighbors as ourselves.  This is not an “us verses them” problem.  It is an “us” problem.  It cannot be fixed by politicians and worldly leaders.  It can only be fixed by the blood of Jesus Christ.  As Christians, we have been called to be reconciled with the Father through the atoning sacrifice of the Son and proclaim this Gospel of reconciliation to the world.  As the story of Pentecost teaches us, this is not a Gospel of division, but a Gospel of inclusion.  It is not about digging in and facing off against the other, but rather it is about sharing this good news with others, even those who oppose us.  

Finally, I am by no means opposed to using Scripture and theology to come to a political decision.  Quite the opposite, in fact.  I think our politics should always be informed by our theology.  That is why good theology matters.  If we are going to use the Bible, we need to use it properly.  If we are going to use terms like “children of light” and “children of darkness,” we need to use them in the same way Scripture does.  The “children of light” are those who are in Christ Jesus, who have been saved by the blood of the Lamb, who have their eyes firmly fixed on the kingdom of God.  To confuse or conflate this with the kingdom of man leads us down a dangerous path.  

I know that it is tempting to make everything simply about “good and evil” or “us and them,” but simplicity is the mother of heresy.  The problem with an “us-them” position is that it takes all of the responsibility off of “us” and puts all of the blame on “them.”  Before I can take the speck out of my brother’s eye, I need to take the log out of my own.  I can only truly examine my own heart, and I assure you, there is plenty of work for the Holy Spirit to do there to last a lifetime.

In the end, only Christ is truly good.  Christians must recognize that even though we are washed in the blood of the Jesus, evil and sin still dwells within all us.  We stand before God not because we are righteous, but because Christ is righteous. Thanks be to God!
10 Comments
Susan frame
6/15/2020 02:02:52 pm

I won’t belabor the issue. But I do see the letter differently than you have laid it out. First. I don’t think he is naive enough to imply that the children of light darkness concept is new. I believe what he is pointing out is that the children of darkness normally stay hidden in the dark. Their brazen appearance in broad daylight is alarming. As the prince of darkness alway does. He foments a tide of anarchy. It is not the prince of peace who burns down an innocent Wendy’s just because a drunk fell asleep in their drive through lane. It is the spirit of darkness that brings anarchy in its wake. This recent outpouring of dark anarchy is showing its true colors so openly is I believe what he is alluding to. Unfortunately some of the children of light. Some of them my friends have been lured by the slick persuasiveness of the dark argument Secondly I was also struck by the pervasive political correctness promulgated by the mainstream media that seems to go opposite of what I have been raised to believe is right and wrong. The archbishop touched on this but it is a difficult thing to explain. It seems that the police are caught in the middle of this. As wrong as mr Floyd’s death was. The orchestrated riots that were hijacked by the aforementioned anarchists worldwide in global synchrony explode in the media with righteous indignation while the good is ignored. Our own policemen being run over and shot doesn’t even hit the wires. Good seems to be swept under the rug while anything that fits this subversive agenda is half the news feed. Thirdly. What the media has done to the president is very wrong on so many levels. Perhaps the things he has done to further all that which is good should be newsworthy too. The archbishop mentioned just a few. There are many more that the public never hears about. I propose that trump has not done all of these things to buy his way into heaven but that he knows Jesus said to go forth and do the things that I do. And being a sinful man sometimes he gets it right and sometimes he doesn’t. Fourthly. This global pandemic starting in China just when America is finally fixing the trade imbalance between us and shutting down the global economy, causing enormous untold misery to millions would seem to fit right into the anarchist playbook. Lastly. I brought this to you because some of these points are not seeing the light of day in the current politically correct environment and I believe they should.

Reply
Carl Gordon Pyper
3/2/2021 09:08:12 pm

I agree. Thank you.

Reply
Darla Johnson
6/20/2020 08:52:41 pm

These are my comments and my opinion after reading the Archbishop's letter and the theological response above.

I also do not think that the Archbishop believes this is a new concept of light and darkness. The Light I believe he is referring to are the people who have accepted Christ as their Lord and Savior and The Dark are those who are still blinded to our Savior and His gift of salvation.

Sin is absolutely a problem for ALL of us because of our fallen world. We absolutely need a Savior in Jesus Christ crucified and resurrected to save us. We are all sinners, you, me, the neighbor next door to me, the Archbishops and the Pope. Praise God he sent Jesus Christ to save us.

It saddens me that instead of supporting a brother in Christ as a person who is praying for a president and trying to love his president as Christ teaches us, his words are torn apart and picked apart by what some readers are interpreting as what they think he means to say or what he is implying. This is the problem with written correspondence, it is always misconstrued and interpreted differently than the writer intended to or was trying to convey.

In my opinion the Archbishop's letter is not a simplistic letter that is heretical, it is a supportive letter from a man of God, a sinner like the rest of us, to show his support and prayer for a president who spends every waking moment being battered and torn apart.

If you want a different president, pray for the one we have, if you want a different Archbishop, pray for the ones we have, if you want a different enemy, pray for the one we have. Only God can change hearts and minds and that is my prayer - for our past president, our current president, our black community, our white community, our old people, our young people, for our congregation, for our clergy, etc.

I'm praying and will continue to pray for a miracle and a revival in our land!

Satan uses division to conquer, he comes to lie, cheat, kill and destroy and does that by division, dividing the very people who claim they are in Jesus, one against another. If we, as followers of Jesus Christ, keep attacking each other we allow the enemy to get a foothold, and I fear that he has one in this time and in this place.

This is my opinion and not that of All Saints Anglican Church, ACNA, or ADOTS or any other affiliation.

Reply
susan frame
6/21/2020 09:03:51 am

Darla Johnson....I think the reply to my comment was from you....Whoever it was....I could not agree more. You said what I was thinking better than I said it. Susan Frame

Reply
John M. Langdon, II
6/23/2020 12:10:16 am

I second Darla and Susan.

I believe that Archbishop Viganò is a sound minded and good hearted Christian man of goodwill. I say this because he has been the voice of reason amidst the recent scandals in the Catholic Church. He brought to light the fact that Pope Francis had let a rampant molester pervert (Cardinal Theodore McCarrick) back into working priestly duties 5 days after the kickoff of his pontificate, after Pope Benedict had rightly sentenced McCarrick to a life of laity. Francis of course was not pleased with Viganò in the least bit. He suffered much persecution for this. This is just one example of Viganò’s prominent voice of truth and love, as a shepherd should do. In a similar way, I believe Viganò’s letter was simply an olive branch of goodwill to President Trump and to the American people. Showing his support for us, in prayer, and in solidarity as we fight the forces of evil. If you know anything about Viganò, his demeanor and writing style is very figurative. Similar to C. S. Lewis. A devout Anglican. To assert that Viganò is being naïve here, would lead me to think that his words are being taken at only face value. In a figurative sense, he, like Lewis, comes to us with rare wisdom, truth, and love. May Archbishop Viganò continue to be a shepherd of the flock of God, and an example for the rest of us in our service to Our Lord, and His people. Amen.

Reply
Carl Gordon Pyper
3/2/2021 09:19:58 pm

Francis doesn't like Vigano??!! That settles the issue in favor of Vigano ... who I sense Vigano is "sensitive" to the same light vs dark issue within the R.C.

Carl Gordon Pyper
3/2/2021 09:12:03 pm

Thank you Darla.

Reply
Alisdair
9/5/2020 07:11:50 am

"For the first time, the United States has in you a President who courageously defends the right to life, who is not ashamed to denounce the persecution of Christians throughout the world, who speaks of Jesus Christ and the right of citizens to freedom of worship."

Um... what? Did he spend the entire George W. Bush administration as a hermetic or something?

Reply
Eric Gasparich
11/3/2020 08:05:30 am

It is reasonable to interpret what the Archbishop wrote as theologically simplistic. I noticed it, too. The puzzle for me is that it does not seem likely someone so high in the Roman church and therefore, presumably, steeped in theology, would intend that. If a person from whom one would expect theologically nuanced thinking does so, and we for a moment assume he didn’t intentionally put forth such shaky theology, it seems the question one should ask is “why?” Or better perhaps, what does he think is on the line such that he would speak so plainly as to appear so simplistic.

Every generation thinks it is living in the most important time in history. In a sense that is true. Every generation must maintain the chain of life that is leading us to whatever The Lord our God intends. But the idea that, beyond that, every age is a hinge-of-history moment of earth-shattering, world historical consequence is not true, and is, in fact, statistically impossible. My assessment is that by writing such an open letter to the President, Archbishop Vigano believes this is a crucially important moment especially for the United States. I’m sure he has his reasons. How one sees his letter probably depends on how one answers that question.

Is this a uniquely important moment? There are troubling signs that it might be. I am just old enough to remember the Sixties when the fears that we might be disintegrating as a nation were understandable. In hindsight, those fears turned out to be largely unfounded due to the numerous backstops in place that would prevent anything like real Constitutional disorder. I will mention a few: the Supreme Court, the Electoral College, the integrity of the Senate (by which I mean the integrity of individual state lines which prevent the sort of gerrymandering one could do with congressional districts,) the institutional apoliticism of the military, law enforcement and the judiciary. There are others we could name. It is also clear that at this point every one of those backstops, intentionally put in place from the beginning, is under determined – though in some cases, only verbal - assault. I could go into detail, but I would imagine that many of you have seen the things I have seen. We may reasonably disagree on the seriousness or even the existence of the threat. And I am aware that it is always possible for us to talk ourselves into self-fulfilling prophecies of doom.

I think the threat moderate, possibly serious, and hope to be very wrong. The state of our nation is very important. We do not live by bread alone, but we do need bread. And law and order, and good governance. I do not believe that God is indifferent to the ‘great American experiment,’ but neither I do I believe that the United States will last forever. We are not utopia. We are not The Kingdom of God (though I think we may have come closer to institutionalizing in our polity some of its tenets than any other nation in history). We are occasionally, and I fear increasingly, Babylon. Like the rest of the world, we oscillate between them. I do wish those encouraging our dissolution into something other than what we’ve been would take a moment to recognize what they’re doing and realize how good we have it. Do they not get how singular has been the peaceful transfers of power we have enjoyed as a large, vibrant nation? (In the third and fourth centuries AD, the Western Roman Empire saw no more than 20 years combined *without* a civil war.) Or perhaps they think, like Shelley’s Dr. Frankenstein, they can precisely control the forces they are threatening to unleash. If so, they’re wrong. As someone said, ‘There is a lot of ruin in a nation,’ but it is possible – it is always possible – we are approaching our design limit.

But if we come back to, what I hope, is sounder theology, we must always realize that the battle we fight is for individual souls. Nations rise and fall, but we believe the soul is forever. 10,000 years from now (if that’s how eternity works), long after the United States and every other nation is no more, we, in some sense will still be around. That is always the front line. Vote once, but pray always. Prayer is our vote in the greatest electoral college of all. Revival is possible. God has so blessed us before. Let us pray he so blesses us again. And let us pray that in the near future, we will all see in hindsight, how he spared us from pandemonium (the place of all demons) yet again.

Reply
Carl Gordon Pyper
3/2/2021 09:29:04 pm

Thank you for your inciteful commentary Eric.

Reply



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    The Rev. Eric Zolner

    Father Eric is a 3rd generation Anglican and the Rector of All Saints Anglican Church in Springfield, MO.  

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